Backend
PHP
Origin
PHP was created in 1994 by Rasmus Lerdorf and shaped the web for over two decades. PHP 8 (2020) introduced JIT and modern language features.
Benefits
- Very widespread in the web (CMS, e-commerce)
- Rapid iteration with mature frameworks (Laravel, Symfony)
- High availability of experts
Drawbacks
- Historical legacy in older codebases
- Less common in modern cloud-native architectures